Finally, laws enacted in accordance with the constitutional provisions are certified by the Federal President after countersignature of the Federal Chancellor and competent federal minister and promulgated in the Federal Law Gazette.
In case of doubt, the Federal Constitutional Court decides whether federal laws comply with the Basic Law. When drafting new legislation, the Federal Government follows the principles of better regulation, which means considering the actual, legal and financial impacts of the new legislation on stakeholders, how it fits in with existing legislation, and arguments for and against regulation, while attempting to find the best balance between the various interests under the existing conditions.
Further information on the German legislative process can be found on the internet websites of the Bundestag and the Bundesrat. Back to Constitution. For general questions to the Federal Ministry of the Interior, Building and Community, please contact our public enquiry service. Mondays to Thursdaays: from 8 a.
Fridays: from 8 a. Following the general debate, all the provisions set out in the bill may be considered individually. As a rule, however, the plenary moves directly to a vote on the bill as a whole. Any Member of the German Bundestag may table motions for amendments, which are then dealt with immediately in the plenary.
If the plenary adopts amendments, the new version of the bill must first be printed and distributed. However, this procedure may be abbreviated with the consent of two thirds of the Members present.
It is then possible for the third reading to begin immediately. Another debate is only held during the third reading if this is requested by a parliamentary group or at least five percent of the Members of the German Bundestag. Motions for amendments may no longer be tabled by individual Members at this stage. It is now only possible for one of the parliamentary groups or five percent of the Members of the German Bundestag to table such motions.
Furthermore, they may only be tabled on amendments adopted during the second reading. The final vote is held at the end of the third reading.
When the President of the German Bundestag asks for the votes in favour of the bill, votes against and abstentions, the Members respond by rising from their seats. Once a bill has gained the necessary majority in the plenary of the Bundestag, it is transmitted to the Bundesrat as an act. The Bundesrat may not make amendments to an act adopted by the Bundestag. However, if it does not give its consent to an act, it may demand that the Mediation Committee be convened.
For some bills, the consent of the Bundesrat is a compulsory requirement. In the case of bills to which the Bundesrat may lodge an objection, the Bundestag may put an act into force even if no agreement has been reached in the Mediation Committee. If you don't know the abbreviation for the code or statute that you are seeking in translation, the best option is to use Ctrl F to search the translated titles by keyword in English.
Select Titelsuche to search for laws by title. Select Volltextsuche to search the full texts laws by keyword. The Foreign Law Guide This subscription-based resource is organized by jurisdiction and by subject. Begin by selecting Germany as the jurisdiction. After the page refreshes, scroll down to the Laws by Subject section and browse alphabetically. For each subject listed, you will find citations and often direct links to relevant federal legislation.
Links to English translations are provided, when available. German Law Archive Oxford University This free resource provides access to English translations of selected federal codes, statutes, and ordinances. Subject-Specific Compilations of Laws Online Many subject-specific compilations of laws from multiple jurisdictions are available online.
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It is usual for the section of the law under examination to be reproduced first. The websites of the various Federal Ministeries often maintain freely accessible collections of legislation within their remit. See example below from BMAS. German publishers produce Kommentare for each code and, indeed, other subject-collections of legislation. Nebengesetze amendments are officially published in the Budlesgesetsblatt, and picked up by the Kommentare.
A long code can be divided into two parts the Allgemeiner Teil principles behind the code, general rules and Besonderer Teil details and particular rules. Contact us Send us your feedback. Google Analytics anonymously tracks individual visitor behaviour on this web site so that we can see how LibGuides is being used.
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