Adobe Photoshop is the industry-standard image editor that is used to create, design and edit raster images as well as to add effects, shadows and textures to existing designs. CMYK a four-color printing process that stands for c yan, m agenta, y ellow and k ey black. These colors represent the four inks that will combine during the printing process. Files saved in this format will be optimized for physical printing. RGB is a light-based color model that stands for r ed, g reen and b lue.
These are the three primary colors of light that combine to produce other colors. Files saved in this format will be optimized for the web, mobile phones, film and video—anything that appears on a screen. Each raster image file is either lossless or lossy, depending on how the format handles your image data. Lossless image formats capture all of the data of your original file.
Lossy image formats approximate what your original image looks like. For example, a lossy image might reduce the amount of colors in your image or analyze the image for any unnecessary data. These clever technical tricks will typically reduce the file size, though they may reduce the quality of your image. Typically, lossy files are much smaller than lossless files, making them ideal to use online where file size and download speed are vital.
This is one of the most widely used formats online, typically for photos, email graphics and large web images like banner ads.
JPEG images have a sliding scale of compression that decreases file size tremendously, but increases artifacts or pixelation the more the image is compressed. The big question: how is it pronounced? GIF is also a widely used web image format, typically for animated graphics like banner ads, email images and social media memes. Though GIFs are lossless, they can be exported in a number of highly customizable settings that reduce the amount of colors and image information, which in turn reduces the file size.
This format has built-in transparency, but can also display higher color depths, which translates into millions of colors. PNGs are a web standard and are quickly becoming one of the most common image formats used online. Because of its extremely high quality, the format is primarily used in photography and desktop publishing. These files will be much smaller than traditional TIFF files, which are typically very large. Typically, images are processed adjusted for color, white balance, exposure, etc.
PSD is a proprietary layered image format that stands for Photoshop Document. These are original design files created in Photoshop that are fully editable with multiple layers and image adjustments. PSDs are primarily used to create and edit raster images, but this unique format can also contain vector layers as well, making it extremely flexible for a number of different projects. A PSD can be exported into any number of image file formats, including all of the raster formats listed above.
Vector images are digital artwork in which points, lines and curves are calculated by the computer. Unlike raster images, vector images are resolution in dependent. Additionally, a GIF can have transparency but may leave a white outline on colored backgrounds.
One downside to GIF files is that they use the indexed color palette, which limits color choice and can leave photos looking flat and lackluster. GIF files are also saved in a single-layer format, meaning all edits are saved into one image layer and cannot be reverted.
While a small file size is ideal for presentation and web page load times, GIF limitations should be taken into consideration before selecting this file format. A TIFF, or tagged image file format , is a lossless raster format hailed for its extremely high image quality. Often the format used by professionals in creative industries, these files require a large amount of storage space and are a challenge to share unless zipped or sent using file-sharing tools.
A TIFF file is a great choice when high-quality is your goal, especially when it comes to printing photos or even billboards. TIFF is also an adaptable format that can support both lossy and lossless compression. This allows each page in a TIFF file to be compressed differently if desired.
TIFF is best for any raster images that you intend to edit and is relied on to preserve quality. It offers options to use tags, layers, and transparency and is compatible with photo manipulation programs like Adobe Photoshop. But if you plan to edit digital images in a working storage format, consider TIFF your go-to.
While a TIFF file might be the original creative file, it will likely be converted to another format to be used in slide decks, websites, and other marketing materials. A JPEG, or joint photographic experts group , is a lossy raster file format most commonly used in online channels for its flexibility with raster editing and ability to compress into small sizes allowing for easy emailing and faster web page load times. It also supports a full spectrum of colors, and almost all devices and programs can open and save to the JPEG format — making it the most universal of the four.
While JPEGs are a great choice because they keep their file size low, the trade-off is in the details. Compressing the image can interfere with readability so using a JPEG for infographics or charts is not recommended. Also, because JPEGs are a flat file they do not offer transparency, making it difficult to layer these images onto colored backgrounds or other graphics.
As you can see, there are many reasons to choose a specific file format. But what you may not know is that some files can be converted to other formats, making some more versatile than others. This can lead to larger-than-necessary slide decks, longer page load times, and bogged-down systems — especially if these files are stored on individual computers or local servers.
Most enterprise DAM platforms have functionality for users to convert file formats on the fly. This includes converting images, videos, and even audio files into other formats based on the needs of the end-user. These tools also include options to crop and resize, making it easier for marketing and sales teams to get the size and format they need for everything from social media to slide decks.
While creatives might understand which format a file can be converted to, general users are often not as familiar with this information. So the user can be confident in their file format selection. Determining which file formats to store in a DAM system is often a collaborative decision between the DAM admin and the creative team. The most common approach is to store the highest-resolution file in the system and then allow users to convert it to the format they need.
However, when scanning digital photos, the highest color setting, such as bit, or millions of colors, will give you the best result. Since PNG images are lossless , you won't lose any image data when scanning the image. Some programs, like Adobe Acrobat, use OCR technology to scan the actual characters of the text so you can edit the text later and search for words or phrases in the document.
Since the PDF format includes automatic image compression, it is a decent choice for scanning images as well.
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